Megaregional Passenger Transportation Hub Location Problem Considering Congestion Effects

The need to make effective plans for locating transportation hubs is of increasing importance in the megaregional area, as recent research suggests that growing intercity travel demand affects efficiency a system. This paper investigates hierarchical facility location problem passenger network. aim study determine locations hub facilities at different levels and distribute demands these with minimum total cost, including investment, transportation, congestion costs. formulated mixed-integer nonlinear programming model considering service availability structure effects. A case designed demonstrate effectiveness proposed Wuhan metropolitan area. results show effects can be addressed by reallocating balance utilisation or constructing new increase network capacity. methods appropriately distributing traffic flows are optimise networks, which has important implications decision makers.